Peer Rokhan پير روښان

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Bāyazīd Khān Ansārī Pīr Rōshān (Pashto: بايزيد پير روښان) or Pīr Rōkhān ‎ (1525–1585) was an Afghan[3] warrior, poet, Sufi, and revolutionary leader. He wrote mostly in Pashto, but also in Persian, Hindustani, and Arabic, while he also spoke Ormuri. He is known for founding the Roshani movement, which gained many followers in the Pashtunistan region and produced numerous Pashto poets and writers.

Pir Roshan created a Pashto alphabet, derived from the Arabic script with 13 new letters. A modified version of this alphabet continues to be used to write Pashto. Pir Roshan wrote Khayr al-Bayān, one of the earliest known books containing Pashto prose."Khayr al-Bayān is a book written in 1651. Khair-ul-Bayan is believed to be the first book in Pashto language, beginning Pashto literature. It was written in Pashto, Persian, Arabic, and Urdu, and is considered the first book of Pashto prose. The book was thought to be lost until an original handwritten Persian manuscript was found in the University of Tübingen, Germany. Maulana Abdul Qadir of Pashto Academy - University of Peshawar, obtained and translated it and published a Pashto edition in 1987."

Pir Roshan assembled Pashtun tribesmen to fight against the Mughal emperor Akbar in response to Akbar's continuous military agitations, and to counter Akbar's Din-i Ilahi. The Mughals referred to Pir Roshan as Pīr-e Tārīk (English: the dark Sufi master).[not verified in body]

Due to Pir Roshan's spiritual and religious hold over a large portion of Pashtuns, Akbar enlisted religious figures into the struggle, most notably Pir Baba (Sayyid Ali Tirmizi) and Akhund Darweza.[not verified in body] The Mughals persecuted Pir Roshan's followers and executed many of them. A Mughal army eventually killed Pir Roshan and most of his sons. Only his youngest son, Pir Jalala, survived the attack, and later took up arms against the Mughals and became the new leader of the Roshani movement.[4]

Roshani followers in Waziristan, Kurram, Tirah, Loya Paktia, Loy Kandahar (including Kasi tribesmen), and Nangarhar continued their struggle against the Mughals for about a hundred years after Pir Roshan's death.


 Da Mughal zulam ba naskoor she 
Che Peer Rokhan tora pa las jung la wrzee

 Translation: The cruelty of Mughal will come to an end; when Peer Roshan is going to fight them with sword in his hand


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